(25) 紅皮糙果茶（克氏茶）
Camellia crapnelliana Tutcher
山茶科(Theaceae)

英文名 (English name): Crapnell's Camellia

中國境內現狀：易危 (VU)。已載入《中國植物紅皮書》。
Status in China: Vulnerable (VU). Recorded in China Plant Red Data Book.

形態特徵：小喬木，高5-7米，樹皮橙紅色。葉厚革質，倒卵狀橢圓形至橢圓形，長8-12厘米，寬4-5厘米，先端短尖，基部楔形，無毛，邊緣有細鈍齒；葉柄長0.6-1厘米。花單朵頂生，直徑8-10厘米，無柄；苞片3；萼片5，倒卵形，外面有脫落性茸毛；花瓣白色，6-8片，倒卵形，長3-4.5厘米，基部連生，最外2片有毛；雄蕊多數，離生，長1.7厘米；子房有毛，花柱3。蒴果球形，直徑7-10厘米。
　　

地理分布: 柏架山、茅坪。廣西、福建和浙江。
　　

生境與生態：生於山坡林緣或疏林中。花期：12月；果期：次年6-9月。
　　

本種由前林務監督Tutcher在香港島柏架山首次發現。樹皮橙紅色，花大，白色，是美麗的觀賞樹木，種子油可供食用。在香港，因生長地點多在郊野公園內而受到保護。本種受《林務規例》(香港法例第96章附例)保護。漁護署已採種育苗及進行遷地保護，同時在天然生境中繁殖並成功建立種群，城門標本林內有栽培。

Description: Small trees, 5-7 m tall, bark orange-red. Leaves thickly leathery, obovate-elliptic to elliptic, 8-12 cm long, 4-5 cm wide, apex acute, base cuneate, glabrous, serrulate; petiole 0.6-1 cm long. Flowers solitary and terminal, 8-10 cm in diam., sessile; bracts 3; sepals 5, obovate, covered with caduceus tomentum outside; petals 6-8, white, obovate, 3-4.5 cm long, connate at base, outmost 2 hairy; stamens numerous, distinct, 1.7 cm long; ovary hairy, styles 3. Capsule globose 7-10 in diameter.
　　

Distribution: Mount Parker and Mau Ping. Guangxi, Fujian, Zhejiang.
　　

Habitat and ecology: On margin of forests or in thin forests. Flowering: Dec.; fruiting: Jun.-Sept. of the following year.
　　

The species was first collected and described by W. J. Tutcher from Mount Parker, Hong Kong. The red bark and large white flower make it an attractive ornamental plant. Seed oil is edible. In Hong Kong, it is restricted to a few wild populations, but the localities of occurrence are in Country Parks under protection. This species has also been listed under Forestry Regulations (Cap. 96 sub. leg.). Seeds have been collected in the field and seedlings have been raised for ex-situ conservation. AFCD has reintroduced the species to the wild and populations have been established. Living plants have also been displayed in the Shing Mun Arboretum.

參考文獻 (References):
張宏達，1991：廣東植物誌2：129，圖82。廣東科技出版社，廣州。
張宏達，1998：中國植物誌49(3): 18，圖版4：1-5。科學出版社，北京。
閔天祿，2000：世界山茶屬的研究 224-225，圖版48：1-5。雲南科技出版社，昆明。
Tutcher, W.J., 1905: Journal of the Linnean Society, Botany 37(258): 63-64.