(19) 香港鷹爪花
Artabotrys hongkongensis Hance
番荔枝科 (Annonaceae)

英文名 (English name): Hong Kong Eagle's Claw

中國境內現狀：需予關注 (LC)
Status in China: Least Concern (LC)

形態特徵: 攀援灌木，長達6米；小枝被黃色粗毛。葉互生；葉柄短，被疏柔毛；葉片革質，橢圓形至長圓形，長6-12厘米，寬2.5-4厘米，頂端急尖或鈍，基部近圓形或稍偏斜。花兩性，單生；花梗稍長於鈎狀的總花梗，被疏柔毛；萼片3，三角形，長約3毫米，近無毛；花瓣6，2輪，卵狀披針形，長1-1.8厘米，基部凹陷，外輪花瓣密被絲質柔毛，質地厚；雄蕊多數，藥隔頂端被短柔毛；心皮無毛，每心皮有基生胚珠2顆，柱頭短棒狀。果橢圓球形，長2-3.5厘米，直徑1.5-3厘米，乾時黑色。

地理分布：柏架山、跑馬地、大嶼山、大潭、林村、粉嶺、上水、元朗。廣東、湖南、廣西、雲南及越南。

生境與生態：生於海拔300-1500米密林下或山谷陰濕處。花期4-7月；果期5-12月。

本種花芳香，具有潛在的開發利用價值。首次於1853年在香港島歌賦山發現。其在香港的生長地點多在郊野公園內而受到保護。

Description: Scandent shrubs, up to 6 m long; branchlets yellowish hirsute. Leaves alternate; petioles short, puberulous; blade leathery, elliptic to oblong, 6-12 cm long, 2.5-4 cm wide, apex acute or obtuse, base nearly rotund or slightly oblique. Flower bisexual, solitary; pedicel slightly longer than the hooked peduncle, puberulous; sepals 3, triangular, c. 3 mm long, subglabrous; petals 6, in 2 whorls, ovate-lanceolate, 1-1.8 cm long, base concave, outer ones densely silky villose, thick; stamens numerous, connectives pubescent at apex; carpels glabrous, 2-ovuled, stigma short clavite. Fruit ellipsoidal, 2-3.5 cm long, 1.5-3 cm in diameter, black when dry.

Distribution: Mount Parker, Happy Valley, Lantau, Tai Tam, Lam Tsuen, Fanling, Sheung Shui, Yuen Long. Guangdong, Hunan, Yunnan; Vietnam.

Habitat and ecology: In dense forests or on wet places of ravines, alt. 300-500m. Flowering: Apr.-Jul.; fruiting: May-Dec.

The species was first discovered in Mount Gough in 1853. Its fragrant flower has potential economic value. The plant is also very suitable for cultivation as a ornamental. In Hong Kong most of the localities of its occurrence are in Country Parks under protection.

參考文獻 (References):
李秉滔，1991：廣東植物誌2：31，圖25：5-8。廣東科技出版社，廣州。
Hance, H. F., 1870: Journal of Botany, British and Foreign 8(88): 71-72.