(17) 海邊馬兜鈴
Aristolochia thwaitesii Hook.f.
馬兜鈴科(Aristolochiaceae)

英文名 (English name) : Seaside Dutchman's Pipe

中國境內現狀：易危 (VU)
Status in China: Vulnerable (VU)

形態特徵：直立亞灌木，高達70厘米。葉互生，近革質，倒披針形或長圓狀倒披針形，長10-15厘米，寬2.5-3厘米，全緣，上面無毛，下面初時密生淺褐色絲質長柔毛；葉柄長約1厘米，被長柔毛。總狀聚傘花序生於莖基部，長達8厘米；花黃色，花梗長達3厘米，向下彎垂；花被管中部急劇彎曲，下部囊狀，長1.5-2.5厘米，直徑約1厘米，上部與下部近等長但稍狹，最上部再次彎曲而斜出，形成一漸擴大呈喇叭形的簷；雄蕊6，花藥長圓形；合蕊柱頂端3裂；子房外面密生長柔毛。果實卵形，長3-5厘米，直徑2-2.5厘米，有6棱，密被絨毛。花期3-5月；果期8-10月。
　　

地理分布：黃泥涌峽、大嶼山。廣東（珠海）。
　　

生境與生態：生於山地和海邊灌叢、竹林或石縫中。花、果期：3-9月。
　　

本種花大，形狀特別，極具觀賞價值。部分生長地點位於郊野公園內而受到保護。可嘗試採種育苗及作遷地保護。

Description: Erect subshrubs, up to 70 cm high. Leaves alternate, nearly leathery, oblanceolate or oblong-oblanceolate, 10-15 cm long, 2.5-3 cm wide, entire, glabrous above, initially densely brown villose beneath; petioles c. 1 cm long, villose. Racemes many-flowered, at leaf traces of the lower part of stem, up to 8 cm long; flowers yellow, pedicels to 3 cm long, pendulous; tubes strong curved at middle, saccate at lower part, 1.5-2.5 cm long, the upper part of perianth-tube curved again and expanded into a 5-6-toothed limb; stamens 6, anthers oblong; gynostemium 3-lobed at apex; ovary densely villose. Capsule obovoid, 3-5 cm long, 2-2.5 cm in diam, hexagonous, densely tomentose.
　　

Distribution: Wong Nei Chung Gap, Lantau Island. Guangdong (Zhuhai).
　　

Habitat and ecology: Growing in thickets, bamboo groves and stone crevices on hill-slopes or near seasides. Flowering & fruiting: Mar.-Sept.
　　

The colourful and strange-shaped flower make this species an attractive ornamental plant. In Hong Kong, some localities of its occurrence are in Country Parks under protection. Ex-situ conservation measures could be explored.

參考文獻(References)
黃淑美，1987：廣東植物誌1：57，圖57。廣東科技出版社，廣州。
黃淑美，1988：中國植物誌24：225-226。科學出版社，北京。