(16) 長葉馬兜鈴
Aristolochia championii Merr. & Chun
馬兜鈴科(Aristolochiaceae)

英文名 (English name): Long-leaved Birthwort

中國境內現狀：瀕危 (EN)
Status in China: Endangered (EN)

形態特徵：木質藤本；塊根紡錘形，直徑3-5厘米；莖直立，上部攀援，嫩枝密被黃褐色長柔毛。葉革質，披針形或線狀披針形，長15-25厘米，寬2.5-4.5厘米，基部圓形或稍呈心形，上面近無毛，下面密被貼生長柔毛；葉柄長1-2.5厘米。花單生或2-5朵排成總狀花序；花梗長3-4厘米；花被管黃色，外被褐色硬毛，中部急遽彎曲；簷部盤狀，近圓形，直徑約6厘米，邊緣3裂，裂片紫紅色並有暗紅色脈紋，喉部黃色。蒴果長圓柱形，長約6厘米，直徑約3厘米。花期：5-7月；果期：8-10月。
　　

地理分布：扯旗山、西高山、馬鞍山、大帽山。廣東、廣西、四川、貴州、雲南。
　　

生境與生態：生於山坡灌叢和疏林中。花期：4-6月。果期：8-10月。
　　

本種花大，色彩艷麗，具有觀賞價值。本種的生長地點多在郊野公園內而受到保護。可嘗試採種育苗及作遷地保育。

Description: Woody vines; tubers fleshy, fusiform, 3-5 cm in diam; stems erect, upper part climbing; young branches densely yellowish brown villose. Leaves leathery, lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, 15-25 cm long, 2.5-4.5 cm wide, base rounded or slightly cordate, subglabrous above, densely covered with appressed hairs beneath; petioles 1-2.5 cm long. Flowers solitary or 2-5 in racemes; pedicels 3-4 cm long; perianth-tube yellow, brown hirsute outside, abruptly curved at middle; limb disciform, suborbicular, 3-lobed, lobes purplish red and with dark red veins, throat yellow. Capsule long cylindrical, ca. 6 cm long, 3 cm in diam.
　　

Distribution: Victoria Peak, High West, Ma On Shan, Tai Mo Shan. Guangdong, Guangxi, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan.
　　

Habitat and Ecology: In thickets or thin forests on hillslopes. Flowering: Apr.-Jun.; fruiting: Aug.-Nov.
　　

The large and colourful flower would make the plant an attractive ornamental. Most localities of its occurrence in Hong Kong are in Country Parks under protection. Ex-situ conservation measures could be explored.

參考文獻(References)
黃淑美，1987：廣東植物誌1：95，圖54。1987。廣東科技出版社，廣州。
黃淑美，1988：中國植物誌24：219-220。科學出版社，北京。